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Chips & Tips: Quick Measurement of Electroosmotic Flow Velocity
10 July 2008
Motohiko Nohmi and Juan Santiago present a simple way of estimating electroosmotic flow velocities in channel geometries with at least one intersection.
Flow chemistry for the masses
08 July 2008
Two new build-your-own microfluidic systems promise to simplify the technology so the whole research community can use it
Faster superbug detection
07 July 2008
Chip technology could cut the wait for test results on clinical samples, US scientists say
Contents list for Lab on a Chip, issue 8, 2008
Front cover
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1229
DOI: 10.1039/b811664b
Inside front cover
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1230
DOI: 10.1039/b811665m
Contents and Chemical Technology
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1231
DOI: 10.1039/b811666k
Highlight
Research Highlights
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1241
DOI: 10.1039/b810406a
Petra Dittrich reviews the current literature in miniaturisation and related technologies.
Critical Review
Microdroplets: A sea of applications?
Ansgar Huebner, Sanjiv Sharma, Monpichar Srisa-Art, Florian Hollfelder, Joshua B. Edel and Andrew J. deMello,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1244
DOI: 10.1039/b806405a
This review provides an overview of methods for generating, controlling, and manipulating microdroplets. It also discusses key fields of use in which such systems may make a significant impact.
Communications
Tubular gel fabrication and cell encapsulation in laminar flow stream formed by microfabricated nozzle array
Shinji Sugiura, Tatsuya Oda, Yasuyuki Aoyagi, Mitsuo Satake, Nobuhiro Ohkohchi and Mitsutoshi Nakajima,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1255
DOI: 10.1039/b803850c
We have used a laminar flow stream formed by a microfabricated nozzle array to prepare cell-encapsulated alginate gel micro-tubes, in which cells formed a cylindrical multi-cellular aggregate after cultivation for two weeks.
Microfluidic based single cell microinjection
Andrea Adamo and Klavs F. Jensen,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1258
DOI: 10.1039/b803212b
We report a microfluidic based approach for single cell microinjection in which fluid streams direct a cell onto a fixed microneedle in contrast to moving a microneedle towards an immobilized cell.
Controlled encapsulation of single-cells into monodisperse picolitre drops
Jon F. Edd, Dino Di Carlo, Katherine J. Humphry, Sarah Köster, Daniel Irimia, David A. Weitz and Mehmet Toner,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1262
DOI: 10.1039/b805456h
We control encapsulation by evenly spacing beads and cells as they travel within a high aspect-ratio microchannel; particles enter the drop generator with the frequency of drop formation (scale bars: 100 
m).
Papers
Detecting bacteria and determining their susceptibility to antibiotics by stochastic confinement in nanoliter droplets using plug-based microfluidics
James Q. Boedicker, Liang Li, Timothy R. Kline and Rustem F. Ismagilov,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1265
DOI: 10.1039/b804911d
The stochastic confinement of single bacteria into nanoliter plugs enables rapid screening against multiple antibiotics.
Photopolymerized diffusion-defined polyacrylamide gradient gels for on-chip protein sizing
Catherine T. Lo, Daniel J. Throckmorton, Anup K. Singh and Amy E. Herr,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1273
DOI: 10.1039/b804485f
A straightforward diffusion-based photopolymerization method enables fabrication of non-linear and linear decreasing pore-size polyacrylamide gels for rapid on-chip protein sizing.
On-site manipulation of single chromosomal DNA molecules by using optically driven microstructures
Kyohei Terao, Masao Washizu and Hidehiro Oana,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1280
DOI: 10.1039/b803753a
We present a method for manipulation of single giant DNA molecules of length in the order of millimetres under a video microscope.
AOTF-based multicolor fluorescence detection for short tandem repeat (STR) analysis in an electrophoretic microdevice
James M. Karlinsey and James P. Landers,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1285
DOI: 10.1039/b801759j
Using an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) to perform multicolor fluorescence detection, four and five-color short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is demonstrated on glass microchips.
Endothelial cell polarization and chemotaxis in a microfluidic device
Amir Shamloo, Ning Ma, Mu-ming Poo, Lydia L. Sohn and Sarah C. Heilshorn,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1292
DOI: 10.1039/b719788h
To monitor cellular asymmetry and chemotaxis of shear-sensitive cell types, we developed a microfluidic device that generates stable concentration gradients within a cell culture environment with minimal shear stress.
Patterning, integration and characterisation of polymer optical oxygen sensors for microfluidic devices
Volker Nock, Richard J. Blaikie and Tim David,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1300
DOI: 10.1039/b801879k
This paper describes a process for the layer-by-layer fabrication and integration of luminescent dye-based optical oxygen sensors into microfluidic devices.
Traction force microscopy on-chip: shear deformation of fibroblast cells
Tamal Das, Tapas K. Maiti and Suman Chakraborty,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1308
DOI: 10.1039/b803925a
An ultrasoft polydimethylsiloxane based traction force microscopy technique is invented to investigate the effects of flow shear on the dynamics of fibroblast cells adhering to microchannel walls.
Rapid microchip-based electrophoretic immunoassays for the detection of swine influenza virus
David S. Reichmuth, Serena K. Wang, Louise M. Barrett, Daniel J. Throckmorton, Wayne Einfeld and Anup K. Singh,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1319
DOI: 10.1039/b801396a
We have developed two types of microchip-based electrophoretic immunoassays for sensitive and rapid detection of viruses.
Cross-scale electric manipulations of cells and droplets by frequency-modulated dielectrophoresis and electrowetting
Shih-Kang Fan, Po-Wen Huang, Tsu-Te Wang and Yu-Hao Peng,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1325
DOI: 10.1039/b803204a
DEP and EWOD are selectively generated on identical dielectric-coated electrodes by applying appropriate electric signals with different frequencies to manipulate objects on different scales, which results in a dielectrophoretic concentrator in an EWOD-actuated droplet.
Quantitation of surface coverage of oligonucleotides bound to chip surfaces: a fluorescence-based approach using alkaline phosphatase digestion
Sukdeb Pal, Min Jung Kim and Joon Myong Song,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1332
DOI: 10.1039/b804066d
Effects of surface functionalization techniques for different surfaces and immobilization conditions on surface probe coverage were investigated, endpoint probe density was quantified by fluorescent measurement upon digestion with alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Water-oil core-shell droplets for electrowetting-based digital microfluidic devices
Daniel Brassard, Lidija Malic, François Normandin, Maryam Tabrizian and Teodor Veres,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1342
DOI: 10.1039/b803827a
This paper presents an alternative mode of operation for electrowetting-based digital microfluidics in which the droplets are enclosed in a thin layer of oil.
Flow-dependent optofluidic particle trapping and circulation
J. Thomas Blakely, Reuven Gordon and David Sinton,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1350
DOI: 10.1039/b805318a
A combination of optical and hydrodynamic forces enables stable single and multiple particle trapping, particle circulation, and a particle-position control via optical intensity and flow rate.
Engineering of PDMS surfaces for use in microsystems for capture and isolation of complex and biomedically important proteins: Epidermal growth factor receptor as a model system
Aaron M. Lowe, Byram H. Ozer, Gregory J. Wiepz, Paul J. Bertics and Nicholas L. Abbott,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1357
DOI: 10.1039/b801935e
Procedures are reported for reproducible capture of the transmembrane protein epidermal growth factor receptor onto PDMS surfaces presenting covalently immobilized antibodies for the receptor and subsequent mechanical transfer of the receptor onto chemically functionalized gold films.
Microfluidic assembly blocks
Minsoung Rhee and Mark A. Burns,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1365
DOI: 10.1039/b805137b
We propose a method for microdevice construction where non-expert users can assemble the blocks on glass slides to build their custom devices in minutes without any complicated fabrication steps.
Technical Notes
SmartBuildA truly plug-n-play modular microfluidic system
Po Ki Yuen,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1374
DOI: 10.1039/b805086d
For the first time, a truly 
plug-n-play
modular microfluidic system (SmartBuild Plug-n-Play Modular Microfluidic System) is presented for designing and building integrated modular microfluidic systems for biological and chemical applications.
Soft lithography: masters on demand
Mohamed Abdelgawad, Michael W. L. Watson, Edmond W. K. Young, Jared M. Mudrik, Mark D. Ungrin and Aaron R. Wheeler,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1379
DOI: 10.1039/b804050h
Microchannel masters, 970 m high and >100 m wide, are produced in less than 10 minutes by laser printing on flexible printed circuit board (PCB) substrates. Using a two-step printing process, fabrication of multi-depth microchannels is also possible.
Enrichment of putative stem cells from adipose tissue using dielectrophoretic field-flow fractionation
Jody Vykoukal, Daynene M. Vykoukal, Susanne Freyberg, Eckhard U. Alt and Peter R. C. Gascoyne,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1386
DOI: 10.1039/b717043b
We demonstrate a flex-circuit based DEP-FFF microfluidic separator for the label-free enrichment of NG2-positive and nestin-positive stem cells from adipose tissue. We achieve 14-fold stem cell enrichment.
Ultraviolet-based bonding for perfluoropolyether low aspect-ratio microchannels and hybrid devices
Carmela De Marco, Salvatore Girardo, Elisa Mele, Roberto Cingolani and Dario Pisignano,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1394
DOI: 10.1039/b803243b
We report a simple and low-cost fabrication method for the realization of solvent-resistant microchannels based on perfluoropolyether elastomers, exhibiting very low aspect ratios (0.01).
Concentration control for protein crystallization via a continuously-fed crystallization chamber
Masano Sugiyama, Shramik Sengupta, Paul Todd and Victor H. Barocas,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1398
DOI: 10.1039/b801686k
A controlled environment is achieved for protein crystallization using a miniaturized reacting chamber. The device can be used for growing larger protein crystals and for assessing various growth environments.
Maskless photolithography using UV LEDs
Rosanne M. Guijt and Michael C. Breadmore,
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1402
DOI: 10.1039/b800465j
Light emitting diodes (LEDs) were used for direct writing lithography, eliminating the need of a mask for photolithographic patterning of features as small as 17 m.
Back matter
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1405
DOI: 10.1039/b811669p
Back cover
Lab Chip, 2008, 8, 1407
DOI: 10.1039/b811670a
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