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As a result of working through this topic students should know:

• the difference between a static and a dynamic equilibrium;
• that in a dynamic equilibrium the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction;
• the difference between an open and a closed system;
• that an equilibrium can only be established in a closed system;
• that an equilibrium can be approached from either reactants or products;
• that at equilibrium the concentrations of reactants and products are constant.